Small steps can prevent Kentucky's No. 1 killer, heart disease

It is now February, which is American Heart Month and a perfect time to remind people that small steps can reduce their risk of heart disease, Kentucky's No. 1 killer.

You may be surprised to hear that almost 80 percent of heart disease is preventable and there are daily things that can be done to keep hearts healthy, according Dr. Martha Grogan, medical editor-in-chief of Mayo Clinic Healthy Heart for Life.

For example, try to move 10 extra minutes each day, Recent research shows a sedentary lifestyle may increase your risk of heart attack almost as much as smoking, said Grogan.

Each day, make an effort to get up from your desk to go talk to a colleague instead of sending an email, or walk around the house as you are talking on the phone, she recommends: “Moving even 10 minutes a day for someone who’s been sedentary may reduce the risk for heart disease by 50 percent.”

Hearts are also hurt when you deprive yourself of sleep, which is a necessity like food and water, said Virend Somers, a Mayo cardiologist and sleep expert. Chronic sleep deprivation can increase the risk of obesity, high blood pressure, heart attack, diabetes and depression.

Healthy habits can reduce a majority of risks for heart attack. "A 53-year-old male smoker with high blood pressure has a 20 percent chance of having a heart attack over the next 10 years. If he stops smoking, his risk drops to 10 percent; if he takes high blood pressure medicine, it falls to 5 percent," says preventive cardiologist Randal Thomas, M.D.

These healthy habits and changes like quitting smoking and taking blood pressure medicine can make a difference in life and death. For more from the Mayo Clinic, click here; for a American Heart Month information from the federal Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, go here.

It is now February, which is American Heart Month and a perfect time to remind people that small steps can reduce their risk of heart disease, Kentucky's No. 1 killer.

You may be surprised to hear that almost 80 percent of heart disease is preventable and there are daily things that can be done to keep hearts healthy, according Dr. Martha Grogan, medical editor-in-chief of Mayo Clinic Healthy Heart for Life.

For example, try to move 10 extra minutes each day, Recent research shows a sedentary lifestyle may increase your risk of heart attack almost as much as smoking, said Grogan.

Each day, make an effort to get up from your desk to go talk to a colleague instead of sending an email, or walk around the house as you are talking on the phone, she recommends: “Moving even 10 minutes a day for someone who’s been sedentary may reduce the risk for heart disease by 50 percent.”

Hearts are also hurt when you deprive yourself of sleep, which is a necessity like food and water, said Virend Somers, a Mayo cardiologist and sleep expert. Chronic sleep deprivation can increase the risk of obesity, high blood pressure, heart attack, diabetes and depression.

Healthy habits can reduce a majority of risks for heart attack. "A 53-year-old male smoker with high blood pressure has a 20 percent chance of having a heart attack over the next 10 years. If he stops smoking, his risk drops to 10 percent; if he takes high blood pressure medicine, it falls to 5 percent," says preventive cardiologist Randal Thomas, M.D.

These healthy habits and changes like quitting smoking and taking blood pressure medicine can make a difference in life and death. For more from the Mayo Clinic, click here; for a American Heart Month information from the federal Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, go here.

Read More

Georgia doctor prescribes pills to help in school -- whether or not the ADHD shoe fits -- to level the playing field for the poor

Amanda Rocafort and her son, Quintn,
who takes Adderall for his ADHD.
(NYT photo by Bryan Meltz)

In light of last week's news that the number of poor children on Medicaid in Kentucky are being prescribed anti-psychotic drugs at alarming rates for such diagnoses as attention-deficit and hyperactivity disorder and depression, the New York Times reports that some doctors are making "no excuses" for prescribing psychostimulants in other locales for children of the poor.  Dr. Michael Anderson, a pediatrician in a poor county north of Atlanta, Ga., said he thinks ADHD is "made up" and "an excuse" to prescribe pills to treat what he "considers the children’s true ill -- poor academic performance in inadequate schools." Still, "I don’t have a whole lot of choice,' said Anderson. “We’ve decided as a society that it’s too expensive to modify the kid’s environment. So we have to modify the kid.'"

Dr. Anderson is one of the more outspoken proponents of an idea that is gaining some ground: Prescribe drugs to struggling students in schools not to treat ADHD, necessarily, but to boost their focus and impulse control.  Alan Schwarz reports that Anderson figures that he is arming them with the only tool he has because these children can't afford family therapy or tutoring or behavior-based counseling or any of those other tools that other children might have at their disposal to help them learn.

Of course, Anderson is not without his critics. Many doctors, writes Schwarz, warn of the dangers of exposing children to the unwarranted physical and psychological risks of powerful drugs on everything from mood to blood pressure to the suppression of growth. (Read more)

Amanda Rocafort and her son, Quintn,
who takes Adderall for his ADHD.
(NYT photo by Bryan Meltz)

In light of last week's news that the number of poor children on Medicaid in Kentucky are being prescribed anti-psychotic drugs at alarming rates for such diagnoses as attention-deficit and hyperactivity disorder and depression, the New York Times reports that some doctors are making "no excuses" for prescribing psychostimulants in other locales for children of the poor.  Dr. Michael Anderson, a pediatrician in a poor county north of Atlanta, Ga., said he thinks ADHD is "made up" and "an excuse" to prescribe pills to treat what he "considers the children’s true ill -- poor academic performance in inadequate schools." Still, "I don’t have a whole lot of choice,' said Anderson. “We’ve decided as a society that it’s too expensive to modify the kid’s environment. So we have to modify the kid.'"

Dr. Anderson is one of the more outspoken proponents of an idea that is gaining some ground: Prescribe drugs to struggling students in schools not to treat ADHD, necessarily, but to boost their focus and impulse control.  Alan Schwarz reports that Anderson figures that he is arming them with the only tool he has because these children can't afford family therapy or tutoring or behavior-based counseling or any of those other tools that other children might have at their disposal to help them learn.

Of course, Anderson is not without his critics. Many doctors, writes Schwarz, warn of the dangers of exposing children to the unwarranted physical and psychological risks of powerful drugs on everything from mood to blood pressure to the suppression of growth. (Read more)

Read More

Blood Pressure in Cats

Slingerland, L. I., J. H. Robben, et al. (2008). "Response of cats to familiar and unfamiliar human contact using continuous direct arterial blood pressure measurement." Res Vet Sci 85(3): 575-82.

Blood pressure is an important measure of cardiovascular function that can be affected by both physical and pathological conditions. In cats, diseases such as chronic renal disease and hyperthyroidism may be associated with hypertension. Indirect measurement of blood pressure in cats can be determined in the practice setting using either Doppler or oscillometric machines. Only a few studies have evaluated normal ranges for feline blood pressure, and there are conflicting opinions on criteria for diagnosing hypertension. In this study, continuous direct measurement of arterial blood pressure (ABP) was carried out in 21 healthy cats via catheterization of the common carotid artery. The ABP was measured during rest, alertness, and activity and the response to be petted by familiar and unfamiliar people was also assessed. The mean blood pressure (MBP) in resting cats (114 mm Hg) was lower than in alert cats (123 mm Hg) and active cats (137 mm Hg). The MBP when being petted by a familiar person (145 mm Hg) was higher than during petting by an unfamiliar person (139 mm Hg).
>> PubMed Abstract

Related articles:
Jepson, R., V. Hartley, et al. (2005). "A comparison of CAT Doppler and oscillometric Memoprint machines for non-invasive blood pressure measurement in conscious cats." J Fel Med Surg 7: 147-152.
>> PubMed Abstract

More on cat health: Winn Feline Foundation Library

Slingerland, L. I., J. H. Robben, et al. (2008). "Response of cats to familiar and unfamiliar human contact using continuous direct arterial blood pressure measurement." Res Vet Sci 85(3): 575-82.

Blood pressure is an important measure of cardiovascular function that can be affected by both physical and pathological conditions. In cats, diseases such as chronic renal disease and hyperthyroidism may be associated with hypertension. Indirect measurement of blood pressure in cats can be determined in the practice setting using either Doppler or oscillometric machines. Only a few studies have evaluated normal ranges for feline blood pressure, and there are conflicting opinions on criteria for diagnosing hypertension. In this study, continuous direct measurement of arterial blood pressure (ABP) was carried out in 21 healthy cats via catheterization of the common carotid artery. The ABP was measured during rest, alertness, and activity and the response to be petted by familiar and unfamiliar people was also assessed. The mean blood pressure (MBP) in resting cats (114 mm Hg) was lower than in alert cats (123 mm Hg) and active cats (137 mm Hg). The MBP when being petted by a familiar person (145 mm Hg) was higher than during petting by an unfamiliar person (139 mm Hg).
>> PubMed Abstract

Related articles:
Jepson, R., V. Hartley, et al. (2005). "A comparison of CAT Doppler and oscillometric Memoprint machines for non-invasive blood pressure measurement in conscious cats." J Fel Med Surg 7: 147-152.
>> PubMed Abstract

More on cat health: Winn Feline Foundation Library

Read More

Blood Pressure and Survival in Sick Cats

Silverstein, D. C., F. A. Wininger, et al. (2008). "Relationship between Doppler blood pressure and survival or response to treatment in critically ill cats: 83 cases (2003-2004)." J Am Vet Med Assoc 232(6): 893-7.

Critically ill cats pose special challenges in veterinary medicine. Standard means of monitoring cardiovascular status include temperature, respiratory rate, pulse rate (TPR) and blood pressure (BP). Both Doppler and oscillometric methods are routinely used to monitor BP in cats. Hypotension in cats is defined as a BP of under 80-90 mm Hg. Intermittent or prolonged hypotension can lead to serious consequences, such as impaired perfusion and decreased oxygen delivery, causing organ damage or failure. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between Doppler BP and survival or response to treatment in critically ill cats. The study is a retrospective case series involving the records of 83 cats. In addition to BP, other factors evaluated included survival to discharge, heart rate, rectal temperature, packed cell volume (PCV), plasma pH, serum ionized calcium, disease process, body weight, age, duration of hospitalization, and catecholamine treatment. Of the 83 cats, 39 were considered hypotensive and 44 were normotensive. Overall survival rate was 53%, with a significantly higher mortality rate amongst hypotensive patients. Of the other variables, only low rectal temperature and low PCV were significantly associated with hypotension. Monitoring for and correcting hypotension should be addressed in hospitalized, critically ill cats.
>> PubMed abstract

Related articles:
Lin, C. H., C. J. Yan, et al. (2006). "Systolic blood pressure of clinically normal and conscious cats determined by an indirect Doppler method in a clinical setting." J Vet Med Sci 68(8): 827-32.
>> Free, full text article

More on cat health: Winn Feline Foundation Library

Silverstein, D. C., F. A. Wininger, et al. (2008). "Relationship between Doppler blood pressure and survival or response to treatment in critically ill cats: 83 cases (2003-2004)." J Am Vet Med Assoc 232(6): 893-7.

Critically ill cats pose special challenges in veterinary medicine. Standard means of monitoring cardiovascular status include temperature, respiratory rate, pulse rate (TPR) and blood pressure (BP). Both Doppler and oscillometric methods are routinely used to monitor BP in cats. Hypotension in cats is defined as a BP of under 80-90 mm Hg. Intermittent or prolonged hypotension can lead to serious consequences, such as impaired perfusion and decreased oxygen delivery, causing organ damage or failure. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between Doppler BP and survival or response to treatment in critically ill cats. The study is a retrospective case series involving the records of 83 cats. In addition to BP, other factors evaluated included survival to discharge, heart rate, rectal temperature, packed cell volume (PCV), plasma pH, serum ionized calcium, disease process, body weight, age, duration of hospitalization, and catecholamine treatment. Of the 83 cats, 39 were considered hypotensive and 44 were normotensive. Overall survival rate was 53%, with a significantly higher mortality rate amongst hypotensive patients. Of the other variables, only low rectal temperature and low PCV were significantly associated with hypotension. Monitoring for and correcting hypotension should be addressed in hospitalized, critically ill cats.
>> PubMed abstract

Related articles:
Lin, C. H., C. J. Yan, et al. (2006). "Systolic blood pressure of clinically normal and conscious cats determined by an indirect Doppler method in a clinical setting." J Vet Med Sci 68(8): 827-32.
>> Free, full text article

More on cat health: Winn Feline Foundation Library

Read More