Graphic warning labels help smokers remember tobacco health risks, study finds

Study participants looked at these two images while
researchers assessed how effectively they were viewed.
Graphic by Penn Medicine.

Graphic warning labels on cigarette packages can help smokers remember the message and the health risks associated with smoking, a study has found.

Researchers asked 200 smokers to look at either a text-only label advertisement — which is similar to warnings that have been on cigarette packages since 1985 — or a graphic warning label showing a hospitalized patient on a ventilator along with a written warning — which has been proposed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.

Researchers used eye-tracking technology to measure how the advertisement was looked at and for how long, reports research-reporting service Newswise. Then participants were asked to rewrite the message they'd seen to show how well they remembered it.

Results showed 50 percent of participants who saw the text-only ad remembered the warning label, while 83 percent of those who saw the graphic image warning remembered what they'd seen.

"In addition to showing the value of adding a graphic warning label, this research also provides insight into how the warning labels may be effective, which may serve to create more effective warning labels in the future," said Andrew A. Strasser, associate professor at the University of Pennsylvania, where the study was conducted. "We're hopeful that once the graphic warning labels are implemented, we will be able to make great strides in helping people to be better informed about their risks, and to convince them to quit smoking."

The 2009 Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act mandated the FDA to require graphic warning labels on cigarettes packaging starting in September 2012. The mandate has since been held up in court. (Read more)

Study participants looked at these two images while
researchers assessed how effectively they were viewed.
Graphic by Penn Medicine.

Graphic warning labels on cigarette packages can help smokers remember the message and the health risks associated with smoking, a study has found.

Researchers asked 200 smokers to look at either a text-only label advertisement — which is similar to warnings that have been on cigarette packages since 1985 — or a graphic warning label showing a hospitalized patient on a ventilator along with a written warning — which has been proposed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.

Researchers used eye-tracking technology to measure how the advertisement was looked at and for how long, reports research-reporting service Newswise. Then participants were asked to rewrite the message they'd seen to show how well they remembered it.

Results showed 50 percent of participants who saw the text-only ad remembered the warning label, while 83 percent of those who saw the graphic image warning remembered what they'd seen.

"In addition to showing the value of adding a graphic warning label, this research also provides insight into how the warning labels may be effective, which may serve to create more effective warning labels in the future," said Andrew A. Strasser, associate professor at the University of Pennsylvania, where the study was conducted. "We're hopeful that once the graphic warning labels are implemented, we will be able to make great strides in helping people to be better informed about their risks, and to convince them to quit smoking."

The 2009 Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act mandated the FDA to require graphic warning labels on cigarettes packaging starting in September 2012. The mandate has since been held up in court. (Read more)

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Scoliosis question from readers:

I had surgery on my upper back before, but now my lower back had a curve too. Does the book help me to prevent? Just by eating healthier will it help?

Dr. Kevin Lau's reply: 
The diet portion of the book has 2 actions depending on the age of the person. For a child who is going through their growing years it would help supply them with the necessary building blocks for a developing spine. The diet for adults on the other hand is for preventing age related degeneration. I highly recommend whether you have scoliosis or not to eat healthier to prevent most degenerative conditions.

For scoliosis prevention using the diet and exercises prescribed in the book is important. This is because the intervertebral discs between each vertebra have poor blood supply and require movement to pump fluid and nutrients into these discs to keep them healthy.

If you have any other questions email them to: scoliosis.feedback@gmail.com

In good health,
Dr. Kevin Lau

About Dr Kevin Lau

Dr Kevin Lau DC is the founder of Health In Your Hands, a series of tools for Scoliosis prevention and treatment. The set includes his book Your Plan for Natural Scoliosis Prevention and Treatment, a companion Scoliosis Exercises for Prevention and Correction DVD and the innovative new iPhone application ScolioTrack. Dr Kevin Lau is a graduate in Doctor of Chiropractic from RMIT University in Melbourne Australia and Masters in Holistic Nutrition. He is a member of International Society On Scoliosis Orthopaedic and Rehabilitation Treatment (SOSORT), the leading international society on conservative treatment of spinal deformities. In 2006 I was awarded the "Best Health-care Provider Awards" by the largest Newspaper publication in Singapore on October 18 2006 as well as being interviewed on Primetime Channel News Asia as well as other TV and Radio. For more information on Dr Kevin Lau, watch his interviews or get a free sneak peek of his book, go to: http://www.hiyh.info.

I had surgery on my upper back before, but now my lower back had a curve too. Does the book help me to prevent? Just by eating healthier will it help?

Dr. Kevin Lau's reply: 
The diet portion of the book has 2 actions depending on the age of the person. For a child who is going through their growing years it would help supply them with the necessary building blocks for a developing spine. The diet for adults on the other hand is for preventing age related degeneration. I highly recommend whether you have scoliosis or not to eat healthier to prevent most degenerative conditions.

For scoliosis prevention using the diet and exercises prescribed in the book is important. This is because the intervertebral discs between each vertebra have poor blood supply and require movement to pump fluid and nutrients into these discs to keep them healthy.

If you have any other questions email them to: scoliosis.feedback@gmail.com

In good health,
Dr. Kevin Lau

About Dr Kevin Lau

Dr Kevin Lau DC is the founder of Health In Your Hands, a series of tools for Scoliosis prevention and treatment. The set includes his book Your Plan for Natural Scoliosis Prevention and Treatment, a companion Scoliosis Exercises for Prevention and Correction DVD and the innovative new iPhone application ScolioTrack. Dr Kevin Lau is a graduate in Doctor of Chiropractic from RMIT University in Melbourne Australia and Masters in Holistic Nutrition. He is a member of International Society On Scoliosis Orthopaedic and Rehabilitation Treatment (SOSORT), the leading international society on conservative treatment of spinal deformities. In 2006 I was awarded the "Best Health-care Provider Awards" by the largest Newspaper publication in Singapore on October 18 2006 as well as being interviewed on Primetime Channel News Asia as well as other TV and Radio. For more information on Dr Kevin Lau, watch his interviews or get a free sneak peek of his book, go to: http://www.hiyh.info.

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Hyperthyroidism and kidney disease in cats

Progress report, Winn grant 09-013
Identification of a biomarker for masked renal failure in hyperthyroid cats
Investigator: Thomas Schermerhorn, Kansas State University and collaborators
 
These researchers are trying to improve diagnosis and prognosis of cats with both hyperthyroidism and kidney disease, two common ailments of aging cats. Often, hyperthyroidism masks underlying kidney disease until it is revealed during treatment. The investigators are attempting to define a method for identifying the kidney disease before treatment of hyperthyroidism. This would improve the well-being of the cat as well as its life expectancy. To do this, they are analyzing the urine of hyperthyroid cats using a cutting-edge technique to identify literally thousands of urine components to see if any correlate with post-treatment appearance of kidney disease.

It has been a challenge acquiring sufficient numbers of cases of cats with hyperthyroidism able to participate in the study. Despite this, analysis is ongoing. To date, no identifiable correlate with renal disease has been found. However, the urine composition of hyperthyroid cats has been determined at a much more detailed level, which may allow future diagnosis of this condition via a simple urine test. [MK]

See also: Riensche MR, Graves TK, Schaeffer DJ. An investigation of predictors of renal insufficiency following treatment of hyperthyroidism in cats. J Feline Med Surg 2008;10:160-166.

More on cat health:
Winn Feline Foundation Library
Find us on Facebook
Follow us on Twitter
Read the Cat Health News Weekly
Join us on Google+

Progress report, Winn grant 09-013
Identification of a biomarker for masked renal failure in hyperthyroid cats
Investigator: Thomas Schermerhorn, Kansas State University and collaborators
 
These researchers are trying to improve diagnosis and prognosis of cats with both hyperthyroidism and kidney disease, two common ailments of aging cats. Often, hyperthyroidism masks underlying kidney disease until it is revealed during treatment. The investigators are attempting to define a method for identifying the kidney disease before treatment of hyperthyroidism. This would improve the well-being of the cat as well as its life expectancy. To do this, they are analyzing the urine of hyperthyroid cats using a cutting-edge technique to identify literally thousands of urine components to see if any correlate with post-treatment appearance of kidney disease.

It has been a challenge acquiring sufficient numbers of cases of cats with hyperthyroidism able to participate in the study. Despite this, analysis is ongoing. To date, no identifiable correlate with renal disease has been found. However, the urine composition of hyperthyroid cats has been determined at a much more detailed level, which may allow future diagnosis of this condition via a simple urine test. [MK]

See also: Riensche MR, Graves TK, Schaeffer DJ. An investigation of predictors of renal insufficiency following treatment of hyperthyroidism in cats. J Feline Med Surg 2008;10:160-166.

More on cat health:
Winn Feline Foundation Library
Find us on Facebook
Follow us on Twitter
Read the Cat Health News Weekly
Join us on Google+

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With more than 2,000 product recalls in 2011 alone, consumers may be suffering from 'recall fatigue'

Regulators, retailers and manufacturers are getting worried that the public is suffering from "recall fatigue."

Last year, there were 2,363 recalls, according to data from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, the Department of Agriculture and the Consumer Product Safety Commission. That's a 14 percent increase over 2010 when there were 2,081 recalls. In 2007, there were 1,460.

"We have this growing concern for safety, but with there being so many recalls going on, [is the public] paying attention to them and responding to them in a manner that is necessary for the recalls to be handled effectively?" asked Mike Rozembajgier, a vice president of Stericycle ExpertRecall.

There have already been hundreds of recalls this year. Pfizer recalled birth-control pills after it was discovered they could have been packaged out of sequence, increasing chances for pregnancy. Nearly 170,000 Ikea customers were asked to return high chairs after it was found the restraint buckle opened unexpectedly. Today, Samsonite recalled suitcases because they were made with high levels of compounds linked to cancer.

Experts believe "the increase is the result of a combination of greater oversight by regulators, better testing procedures and the use of social media where consumers can quickly point out and discuss problems with other people," reports Christopher Doering of the Des Moines Register. (Read more)

Regulators, retailers and manufacturers are getting worried that the public is suffering from "recall fatigue."

Last year, there were 2,363 recalls, according to data from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, the Department of Agriculture and the Consumer Product Safety Commission. That's a 14 percent increase over 2010 when there were 2,081 recalls. In 2007, there were 1,460.

"We have this growing concern for safety, but with there being so many recalls going on, [is the public] paying attention to them and responding to them in a manner that is necessary for the recalls to be handled effectively?" asked Mike Rozembajgier, a vice president of Stericycle ExpertRecall.

There have already been hundreds of recalls this year. Pfizer recalled birth-control pills after it was discovered they could have been packaged out of sequence, increasing chances for pregnancy. Nearly 170,000 Ikea customers were asked to return high chairs after it was found the restraint buckle opened unexpectedly. Today, Samsonite recalled suitcases because they were made with high levels of compounds linked to cancer.

Experts believe "the increase is the result of a combination of greater oversight by regulators, better testing procedures and the use of social media where consumers can quickly point out and discuss problems with other people," reports Christopher Doering of the Des Moines Register. (Read more)

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University Hospital cuts contribution to U of L by half

University Hospital. Photo by Bill Luster, The Courier-Journal.

In the midst of financial woes, University Hospital gave just half of what it normally does to the University of Louisville Health Sciences Center — and is considering reducing its contribution to zero.

The hospital gave $5.5 million rather than its usual $11 million annually.

In the past, critics have asked why the hospital wasn't using the funds given to the health center to shore up its own financial problems. Dr. David Dunn, U of L's executive vice president for health affairs, said "symbiotic arrangements between teaching hospitals and health sciences centers are common across the nation, and cutting the contribution in half has meant struggles to recruit and retain physicians and nurses," Laura Ungar reported for The Courier-Journal.

University Hospital has long been looking at ways to stabilize its finances. Last year, Gov. Steve Beshear nixed plans for the hospital to merge with a Catholic health system since it would have been subject to Catholic health directives. Since, it's been looking for a new merging partner, a process that has been delayed until the end of this month. (Read more)

University Hospital. Photo by Bill Luster, The Courier-Journal.

In the midst of financial woes, University Hospital gave just half of what it normally does to the University of Louisville Health Sciences Center — and is considering reducing its contribution to zero.

The hospital gave $5.5 million rather than its usual $11 million annually.

In the past, critics have asked why the hospital wasn't using the funds given to the health center to shore up its own financial problems. Dr. David Dunn, U of L's executive vice president for health affairs, said "symbiotic arrangements between teaching hospitals and health sciences centers are common across the nation, and cutting the contribution in half has meant struggles to recruit and retain physicians and nurses," Laura Ungar reported for The Courier-Journal.

University Hospital has long been looking at ways to stabilize its finances. Last year, Gov. Steve Beshear nixed plans for the hospital to merge with a Catholic health system since it would have been subject to Catholic health directives. Since, it's been looking for a new merging partner, a process that has been delayed until the end of this month. (Read more)

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Facing budget shortfalls, many county and district health departments cut hours and staff

Reduced hours and staff will be the new reality for many health departments across Kentucky starting in July as they deal with funding shortages and changes.

Though the total amount of state funding to local health departments has not gone down, the way it is allocated has changed. “Part of the new formula took into account the population served and percentage of population below the poverty level,” reports Beth Musgrave for the Lexington Herald-Leader. Counties that serve more “working poor” — people who are employed but don’t have insurance — were hit the hardest by the reformulation.

Kentucky’s move to managed care for its Medicaid recipients also affected funding because reimbursement rates went down. Meanwhile, retirement and health insurance costs continue to go up.

There are 59 county and district health departments in Kentucky, all of which are funded partly by local property taxes, ranging from 1.8 cents to 4 cents per $100 worth of property. With the recession, local tax revenues have decreased, contributing to funding shortfalls.

Musgrave reports of furloughs, staff cuts and program cuts in various counties surrounding Lexington. Local news outlets should look at what is happening to health departments in their areas. (Read more) 

Reduced hours and staff will be the new reality for many health departments across Kentucky starting in July as they deal with funding shortages and changes.

Though the total amount of state funding to local health departments has not gone down, the way it is allocated has changed. “Part of the new formula took into account the population served and percentage of population below the poverty level,” reports Beth Musgrave for the Lexington Herald-Leader. Counties that serve more “working poor” — people who are employed but don’t have insurance — were hit the hardest by the reformulation.

Kentucky’s move to managed care for its Medicaid recipients also affected funding because reimbursement rates went down. Meanwhile, retirement and health insurance costs continue to go up.

There are 59 county and district health departments in Kentucky, all of which are funded partly by local property taxes, ranging from 1.8 cents to 4 cents per $100 worth of property. With the recession, local tax revenues have decreased, contributing to funding shortfalls.

Musgrave reports of furloughs, staff cuts and program cuts in various counties surrounding Lexington. Local news outlets should look at what is happening to health departments in their areas. (Read more) 

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Black lung affects Kentucky surface miners more than those in other states, CDC study finds and Courier-Journal reports

Photo by Getty Images.

Nearly 4 percent of surface coal miners who work in Central Appalachia who were tested for a study by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention have black lung disease, compared to 2 percent of all U.S. surface miners and 3.2 percent of underground coal miners.

Though the study didn't test Kentucky separately from the 14 other states assessed, Laura Ungar of The Courier-Journal in Louisville asked about it and found that "13 of 230 Kentucky surface miners tested — or 5.7 percent — had black lung," she reports, quoting Cara Halldin, a CDC epidemic intelligence service officer, as calling that number " a disproportionate burden."

It's not clear why the incidence is higher in Central Appalachia than other parts of the country, but Halldin suspects it has to do with "more years spent mining, area geology or the safety culture at mines," Ungar reports. One study showed miners who work in Central Appalachia typically work 28 years in the mines while non-Appalachian miners work average 20 years.

Black-lung disease, or coal workers' pneumoconiosis, is the result of miners repeatedly inhaling the dust that comes from extracting coal. That dust occurs whether the miner is under- or above-ground. "Coal mining is really, really dusty. Don't matter what you do, you're in the dust," said John Bud Ritchie, a retired surface miner who has black lung disease. "It's real rough. You can't hardly keep the dust down on hot days."

The federal exposure limit for "respirable dust" in underground and surface mines is 2 milligrams of coal dust per cubic meter of air. That limit was set in 1969, along with a law that set up "a surveillance system for assessing prevalence of black lung among underground coal miners," Ungar reports. "But the requirement for surveillance doesn't extend to surface miners." Haldin said, "Industry should recognize this is a problem and their workers are at risk and bring down the levels." (Read more)

Photo by Getty Images.

Nearly 4 percent of surface coal miners who work in Central Appalachia who were tested for a study by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention have black lung disease, compared to 2 percent of all U.S. surface miners and 3.2 percent of underground coal miners.

Though the study didn't test Kentucky separately from the 14 other states assessed, Laura Ungar of The Courier-Journal in Louisville asked about it and found that "13 of 230 Kentucky surface miners tested — or 5.7 percent — had black lung," she reports, quoting Cara Halldin, a CDC epidemic intelligence service officer, as calling that number " a disproportionate burden."

It's not clear why the incidence is higher in Central Appalachia than other parts of the country, but Halldin suspects it has to do with "more years spent mining, area geology or the safety culture at mines," Ungar reports. One study showed miners who work in Central Appalachia typically work 28 years in the mines while non-Appalachian miners work average 20 years.

Black-lung disease, or coal workers' pneumoconiosis, is the result of miners repeatedly inhaling the dust that comes from extracting coal. That dust occurs whether the miner is under- or above-ground. "Coal mining is really, really dusty. Don't matter what you do, you're in the dust," said John Bud Ritchie, a retired surface miner who has black lung disease. "It's real rough. You can't hardly keep the dust down on hot days."

The federal exposure limit for "respirable dust" in underground and surface mines is 2 milligrams of coal dust per cubic meter of air. That limit was set in 1969, along with a law that set up "a surveillance system for assessing prevalence of black lung among underground coal miners," Ungar reports. "But the requirement for surveillance doesn't extend to surface miners." Haldin said, "Industry should recognize this is a problem and their workers are at risk and bring down the levels." (Read more)

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